Stung by a Wasp or Bee? Know the Allergy Signs and Solutions

Wasp and bee stings are common, especially during warmer months when these insects are more active. However, for some people, these stings can trigger allergic reactions.

It is estimated that around 3% of the population suffers from insect sting allergies, including wasp and bee stings, with severe cases leading to anaphylaxis.

But why do these stings cause allergies? What should you do in such cases? Read the article below:

Why do these stings cause allergies?

Wasp and bee stings inject venom into the skin, which contains proteins capable of affecting the body’s cells and immune system. For most people, this venom causes only temporary pain and swelling.

However, in allergic individuals, the immune system mistakenly identifies the venom's proteins as a threat and overreacts, releasing substances like histamine, which triggers the allergic response.

What are the symptoms of wasp and bee sting allergies?

Even for those without allergies, wasp and bee stings can be quite painful and cause localized redness. Symptoms can be classified into three categories:

Normal symptoms (no allergy):

Immediate sharp pain at the sting site
Redness and mild swelling around the sting
Burning sensation at the sting site

Allergic symptoms:

Increased swelling, potentially spreading beyond the sting area
Hives (red, itchy patches)
Difficulty breathing
Swelling of the face, lips, throat, or tongue
Dizziness or fainting

Severe symptoms (anaphylaxis):

Severe difficulty breathing
Extreme swelling of the face and throat
Rapid heartbeat
Drop in blood pressure
Mental confusion or loss of consciousness

In cases of anaphylaxis, urgent medical attention is crucial.

Can these insects cause other diseases?

Although wasps and bees are not carriers of diseases like some mosquitoes or ticks, their stings can lead to bacterial infections if the sting site is not properly cleaned.

Scratching or failing to treat stings can result in open wounds, increasing the risk of bacterial entry.

How long do the symptoms last?

For most people, mild symptoms such as pain and localized swelling disappear within a few days, typically 1 to 3 days.

However, if an allergic reaction occurs, symptoms may last longer and require treatment. Severe reactions, such as anaphylaxis, demand immediate medical care and may require further monitoring after treatment.

Can you get sepsis from a wasp or bee sting?

Although rare, it's possible for a wasp or bee sting to lead to an infection, which could potentially develop into sepsis if left untreated.

Sepsis is a serious, life-threatening condition that occurs when the body's response to infection causes widespread inflammation. This can happen if bacteria enter the bloodstream through the sting site, especially if the wound is not properly cleaned or becomes infected.

To reduce the risk, it's important to clean the sting area thoroughly and watch for signs of infection, such as increased redness, swelling, warmth, or the presence of pus. If any of these symptoms occur, seek medical attention to prevent complications.

When should you see a doctor?

You should seek medical attention immediately if you notice any signs of an allergic reaction, especially if you experience breathing difficulties, throat or facial swelling, dizziness, or rapidly spreading symptoms. Even if allergic symptoms appear mild, it’s advisable to consult a doctor, as reactions can worsen over time.

If the sting site shows signs of infection (intense redness, increasing swelling, warmth, or pus), a medical consultation is also recommended.

Prevention tips

Avoiding wasp and bee stings is the best way to prevent allergic reactions. Some prevention tips include:

Avoid wearing brightly colored clothing or strong perfumes, which may attract insects.
Keep food and drinks covered when outdoors.
Stay away from beehives and wasp nests.
Use insect repellent, especially in areas where these insects are common.
If you have a history of sting allergies, always carry an adrenaline auto-injector and wear a medical alert bracelet or necklace.

Treatment for insect stings

Immediate treatment for wasp or bee sting allergies involves using antihistamines, such as Histallay, which can relieve mild to moderate allergic symptoms like swelling and itching. For severe cases, such as anaphylaxis, the use of an adrenaline injection is necessary to halt the reaction.

For people with a history of sting allergies, immunotherapy (desensitization) may be a long-term treatment option. This process gradually exposes the body to small amounts of venom, helping it develop a tolerance to the allergen.

Understanding the risks associated with wasp and bee stings, as well as knowing how to prevent and treat reactions, is essential for those living in areas where these insects are common.

Medications like Histallay may help relieve allergic reactions, providing quick symptom relief for most people. However, it is always crucial to consult a doctor in the case of severe reactions.

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